الجافا الذي فعلاً تستخدمها بالأتمتة

public class LoginPage extends BasePage {

    private static final By EMAIL    = By.cssSelector("[data-test='email']");
    private static final By PASSWORD = By.cssSelector("[data-test='password']");
    private static final By SUBMIT   = By.cssSelector("[data-test='submit']");

    public DashboardPage login(String email, String password) {
        type(EMAIL, email);
        type(PASSWORD, password);
        click(SUBMIT);
        return new DashboardPage();
    }
}

public abstract class BasePage {

    protected final WebDriver driver;
    protected final WebDriverWait wait;

    protected BasePage() {
        this.driver = DriverManager.get();
        this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
    }

    protected void click(By locator) {
        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator)).click();
    }

    protected void type(By locator, String text) {
        WebElement el = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(locator));
        el.clear();
        el.sendKeys(text);
    }
}

// قائمة عناصر
List<WebElement> rows = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(".item-row"));
int count = rows.size();

// تحويل لقائمة نصوص
List<String> names = new ArrayList<>();
for (WebElement row : rows) {
    names.add(row.getText());
}

// Map للكوكيز
Map<String, String> cookies = new HashMap<>();
cookies.put("session_token", token);

for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : cookies.entrySet()) {
    driver.manage().addCookie(new Cookie(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
}

// نفس اللي فوق بـ Stream
List<String> names = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(".item-row")).stream()
    .map(WebElement::getText)
    .toList();

// فلترة
List<WebElement> enabled = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("button")).stream()
    .filter(WebElement::isEnabled)
    .toList();

// عدّ
long completed = todos.stream().filter(Todo::isCompleted).count();

// تجاهل متوقّع
protected void dismissAlertIfPresent() {
    try {
        driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
    } catch (NoAlertPresentException ignored) {
      // لا يوجد تنبيه — وهذا الوضع الطبيعي
    }
}

// تنضيف مضمون
protected void withinFrame(By frame, Runnable actions) {
    wait.until(ExpectedConditions.frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt(frame));
    try {
        actions.run();
    } finally {
        driver.switchTo().defaultContent();   // ← يعمل دايماً
    }
}

// رمي استثناء واضح
public static WebDriver get() {
    WebDriver driver = DRIVER.get();
    if (driver == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("ما في WebDriver لهاد الخيط");
    }
    return driver;
}

public enum Browser {

    CHROME(() -> {
        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
        options.addArguments("--window-size=1920,1080");
        return new ChromeDriver(options);
    }),

    FIREFOX(() -> new FirefoxDriver());

    private final Supplier<WebDriver> supplier;

    Browser(Supplier<WebDriver> supplier) { this.supplier = supplier; }

    public WebDriver create() { return supplier.get(); }
}

public record UserData(String firstName, String lastName, String email, String password) {

    public static UserData valid() {
        String unique = Thread.currentThread().getId() + "-" + System.currentTimeMillis();
        return new UserData("أحمد", "علي", "user-" + unique + "@test.com", "P@ss123");
    }

    public UserData withEmail(String email) {
        return new UserData(firstName, lastName, email, password);
    }
}

// lambda بـ WebDriverWait
wait.until(d -> d.findElements(By.cssSelector(".row")).size() >= 3);

// Supplier
Supplier<WebDriver> chromeSupplier = () -> new ChromeDriver();
WebDriver driver = chromeSupplier.get();

// Runnable
withinFrame(PAYMENT_FRAME, () -> {
    type(CARD_NUMBER, "4242424242424242");
    click(PAY);
});

List<WebElement>            // قائمة من WebElement
Map<String, String>         // خرائط نص لنص
ThreadLocal<WebDriver>      // ThreadLocal يحمل WebDriver
Supplier<WebDriver>         // مصنع بيرجّع WebDriver
Optional<TodoResponse>      // ممكن يكون فيه قيمة أو لأ